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Propositional Logic

Propositional logic studies statements that are either true or false, and how the truth of a compound statement depends on the truth of its parts. It gives a precise language for conditions ("if the cache misses and the bus is free, then fetch"), for specifications, and for correctness arguments.

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First-Order Logic

Propositional logic treats "every prime greater than 2 is odd" as one indivisible proposition. It cannot see the structure inside: the objects (numbers), the properties (prime, odd) and the word "every".

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